The World Bank And The Imf Essay - 1328 Words

The World Bank and the IMF are collectively known as the Bretton Woods institutions. They were formed at a conference in Bretton Woods in New Hampshire with the aim to addressing concerns to do with stability of world economic markets. IMF is mainly tasked with offering surveillance, financial aid and technical assistance. IMF has 187 member states who each appoint a representative to the IMF’s board of Governors. The World Bank has its voting power controlled by the USA and it was built with the main aim of â€Å"reducing poverty in middle-income and creditworthy poorer countries by promoting sustainable development through loans, guarantees, and non-lending which includes analytical and advisory services.† Whether African countries have benefited from IMF/World Bank projects is a subject of controversy. Rono, J. K. (2002) opines that adjustment programs have caused de-legitimization of state which has led to political violence, riots and frequent regime changes in som e countries in sub-Saharan Africa such as DRC, Zambia and Nigeria. For purposes of this research, I will restrict myself to discussing what is known as the structural adjustment program popularly (SAPs) in Kenya. According to Rono, J. K. (2002) Kenya adopted economic reforms mainly with the aim of achieving macroeconomic and structural adjustment which were initiated by the World Bank and the IMF in from 1980 onwards. I am persuaded to agree with an opinion by Rono, J. K. (2002) that the well intended adjustmentShow MoreRelatedThe Imf And The World Bank Essay1297 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalization Learning Journal 2 Throughout this section of the class, the IMF and the World Bank have been studied extensively. All students have come away with different ideas about these two organizations. In the following paragraphs, I will attempt to explain my own thoughts on the IMF and the World Bank. Mainly, that their practices are insufficient for accountability and do threaten the sovereignty of certain nations. I will also attempt to explain why I think this is the case. The firstRead MoreImf : Imf And World Bank1255 Words   |  6 PagesIMF OR WORLD BANK. THE PROJECT One of the World Bank or the IMF project that was developed is â€Å"Rebuilding Infrastructure.† It was set in motion to aid the rebuilding of Infrastructures in countries that were ravaged by, during and after World War II. The project (Rebuilding Infrastructure, under the supervision of IMF and World bank), was originally intended for, and as a principal supervisor on agendas such as poverty reduction, quality education, provision and availability of pure and clean waterRead MoreImf And The World Bank896 Words   |  4 PagesIMF and the World Bank were created after World War II. Rebuilding nations after the war was costly and this burden needed to be shared amongst nations. With global adherence in its agenda, UK and USA proposed the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank to help prevent nation in this rebuilding process. Having just experienced the Great Depression, they wanted a policy to help nations in certain crisis. One such policy was that countries that are in a financial crisis could request a shortRead MoreThe World Bank And Imf1096 Words   |  5 PagesAs a result of the inadequacies of the World Bank and IMF, Uganda today appears to be no better off today then as they were in the year(s) prior to acquiring the assistance in debt relief in 1998. According to Ana Eiras; â€Å"Despite such a monstrous display of resources, according to the index of economic freedom, the Bank’s money has done nothing to improve the economic freedom in recipient countries†. Erias goes on to make it clear that many of the country’s who have received assistance have seenRead MoreThe Imf, Wto, And World Bank1053 Words   |  5 Pagescontrast the IMF, WTO, and World Bank The World Bank was founded at the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944. The bank was first known as the International Bank of Reconstruction and Development. Their founding mission was to help countries during a post-war World War II era rebuild and reconstruct. They did this by providing loans to countries who had been destroyed during wars. Their first loan was made in 1947 to France to rebuild following World War II (World Bank Group). The World Banks’s missionRead MoreCriticism Of The World Bank And The Imf Essay808 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to Brettonwoods Projects â€Å"Criticism of the World Bank and the IMF encompasses a whole range of issues but they generally centre around concern about the approaches adopted by the World Bank and the IMF in formulating their policies, and the way they are governed† (http://www.brettonwoodsproject.org/2005/08/art-320869/) One may ask, are there really problem arising from the World Bank and IMF rendering services and administering relief to a nation? In the year 2013, An incident occurredRead MoreImf And World Bank Group1185 Words   |  5 PagesIMF and World Bank Group The IMF (International Monetary Fund) and World Bank were both founded in 1944, during a UN conference held in Bretton Woods in the United States. Delegates specializing in the field of economic policy attended from 44 countries, with the shared goal of establishing a framework of economic cooperation, in the hope of avoiding future financial instability on a scale witnessed during the Great Depression of the 1930’s. The IMF is currently accountable to and governed by 189Read MoreImf And World Bank Group1185 Words   |  5 PagesIMF and World Bank Group The IMF (International Monetary Fund) and World Bank were both founded in 1944, during a UN conference held in Bretton Woods in the United States. Delegates specializing in the field of economic policy attended from 44 countries, with the shared goal of establishing a framework of economic cooperation, in the hope of avoiding future financial instability on a scale witnessed during the Great Depression of the 1930’s. The IMF is currently accountable to and governed by 189Read More IMF, World Bank And Africa Essay2396 Words   |  10 PagesIMF, World Bank And Africa An avid viewer of television has seen the commercials portraying shortages of food and mass starvation in Africa. Yet in these times of relative prosperity, little is heard of Africa’s debt problem. Although the total debt of all African countries combined is small in comparison to that of the United States, millions of people suffer as a result. However, it is not until these countries have difficulty repaying their loans that the international community begins toRead MoreChallenges Faced By Imf And World Bank1784 Words   |  8 PagesChallenges faced by IMF and World bank Preface/ executive summary This report assesses the key risks facing the global financial system and how these challenges are faced by the financial institutions, IMF and World bank. The present report finds that fleeting dangers to worldwide financial stability have decreased since April 2016. The rise of commodity prices from their lows, alongside the continuous adjustments in developing markets, has upheld a recuperation in capital flows. In cutting edge

Essay on Ethics and Aristotle - 837 Words

Ethics and Aristotle A married couple, both addicted to drugs, is unable to care for their infant daughter. She is taken from them by court order and placed in a foster home. The years passed. She comes to regard her foster parents as her real parents. They love her as they would their own daughter. When the child is 9 years old, the natural parents, rehabilitated from drugs, begin court action to regain custody. The case is decided in their favor. The child is returned to them, against her will. Do ethics support the law in this case? Discuss. Ends-based Thinking The natural parents have the right to get their daughter back they became rehabilitated they did what the courts ordered them to do. Let the daughter go into foster†¦show more content†¦She has grown to love them and think of them as her parents along with them loving her as their own too. The natural parents did not really take the child’s best interest into consideration when they were doing drugs; they did not care for her proper this is why the courts took her from them and put her into foster care. This child was only an infant at the time and she did not have anyone looking out for her best interest until the courts stepped in and took her out of their custody. Once an addict always an addict, the natural parents cannot guarantee they will never do drugs again. What is going to happen to this little girl if they do get addicted again and are unable to care for her and she goes yet to another foster home after being taken from the family that she was use to and loved? With this rule-base thinking also called deontological theories this is a tough decision but in the courts eyes it is the being fair for everyone. Similarities and Differences Based on the same dilemma my two solutions are similar since the parents are getting the custody of their daughter back but the difference is that the end-based is it is best for the masses and the rule-based is they should not but they do cause that is what everyone else is following and being fair to the natural parents. â€Å"Real Life† Dilemmas These two schools of ethics in my mind are worthy of the â€Å"real life† dilemmas but in my mind and heart personally this isShow MoreRelatedAristotle Of Aristotle : Nicomachean Ethics1487 Words   |  6 PagesAristotle: Nicomachean Ethics Happiness: it’s something we humans search far and wide for, to attain before we are called home at death. We go through our daily lives, making choices, commitments, changes, decisions. We set goals for ourselves, push ourselves, hurt ourselves, inspire ourselves, lose ourselves, find ourselves†¦but why? Whether it is a conscious effort or not, no matter who you are or where you find yourself at this very moment, there is one ultimately satisfying hope that brings usRead MoreAristotle s Ethics And Ethics Essay891 Words   |  4 Pagessays that people desire a conclusive theory on ethics. It is human nature to demand a clear path that does not meander into oblivion. Matters Ethics and Morality take twists and turns that seem to end in no specific action plan. Philosophers that came after J.S mill, Bentham, Kant, Aristotle and many more have strived to find a conclusive theory to Ethics. Ethics and any other branch of Philosophy has proven to be so problematic. Applicabi lity of Ethics peddled by recent philosophers might prove toRead MoreThe Ethics Of Aristotle s Ethics1030 Words   |  5 PagesIn the book Nichomachean Ethics by Aristotle, Aristotle tries explain to us what the ultimate goal of the human life. He says that every activity we participate in has and ultimate goal or an end. He states that happiness is the ultimate goal in life and that every activity we engage in our daily lives is to achieve happiness. Since all activities we engage in have an end then he says that happiness is the highest of all ends. So as human beings the goal of life is to achieve the highest of allRead MoreThe Ethics Of Plato And Aristotle977 Words   |  4 Pages In this essay, I will be examining the ethics of Plato and Aristotle. I will explain the five fundamental concepts of Plato and Aristotle. I will focus on their theories on the good life as a life of justice, censorship, knowledge and the good life. I will first explain Plato’s ethics. Plato was a philosopher, both a rationalist and absolutist. According to Plato, people must be schooled to obtain certain kinds of knowledge for example mathematics, philosophy etc. The training will give themRead MoreAristotle and Nicomachean Ethics1382 Words   |  6 PagesAristotle provides the teleological approach of how to live well in his collection of lectures, Nicomachean Ethics. In Book II of Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle presents his definition of virtue in which it is a kind of mean (N.E. 129). According to Aristotle, moral virtue is a means to an end, happiness. By using Sophocless Antigone, I will support Aristotles theory of virtue in which he reasons it to be a state of ch aracter between two extremes. A virtue that remains relevant today as it didRead More Aristotles Ethics Essay1754 Words   |  8 Pagesthis problem for us and helps us to think about it. That book of course is Aristotles Ethics, written in the fourth century before Christ. Aristotle was a student of Plato. Plato had founded the Academy of Athens, which was the great university of ancient Greece. Aristotle studied and worked there for about twenty years. He was called by Plato quot;the intellect of the school.quot; Unlike Socrates, Aristotle was interested in the study of nature. He was unlike Socrates in another respect. WhenRead MoreAristotle Ethics Essay1910 Words   |  8 Pages2/19/07 Aristotle Ethics Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics provides a sensible account for what true moral virtue is and how one may go about attaining it. Aristotle covers many topics that help reach this conclusion. One of them being the idea of mean between the extremes. Although Aristotle provided a reliable account for many philosophers to follow, Rosalind Hursthouse along with many others finds lose ends and topics which can be easily misinterpreted in Aristotles writing. Aristotle explainsRead MoreThe Nicomachean Ethics By Aristotle874 Words   |  4 PagesThe Nicomachean Ethics by Aristotle â€Å"EVERY art and every inquiry, and similarly every action and pursuit, is thought to aim at some good; and for this reason the good has rightly been declared to be that at which all things aim† (Ross, n.d.). Aristotle believed that both external (wealth, material possessions) and internal (temperance, courage, etc.) contributed to a person’s happiness and that a person’s final goal was to find the â€Å"good† or their function in life. He also believed that theRead MoreAristotle s Virtue Ethics And Ethics1027 Words   |  5 Pagespush them to excel in their field. Aristotle’s virtue ethics gives us a framework of how we can define and classify these virtues. In this paper I will explain some key concept of Aristotle’s virtue ethics, as well as share the virtues I have learned as a student of engineering and how they will impact my future career. Aristotle’s virtue ethics attempt to answer the question of how to live a good life. Three key concepts of Aristotle’s virtue ethics are Eudaimonia, arà ªte, and telos. Eudaimonia is describedRead MoreAristotle Virtue Ethics Summary1075 Words   |  5 PagesAristotle outlined his theory of Virtue Ethics in his book Nicomachean Ethics. Aristotle focused his idea of ethics on agents rather than acts. His main idea is focused on the idea of human character- how can you be a better person? In fact, Aristotle once said: â€Å"For we are enquiring not in order to know what virtue is, but in order to become good, since otherwise our enquiry would be of no use.† Aristotle is given the credit for developing the idea of virtue ethics, but many of Platos cardinal

Requirements for Scientific Application for Programmers Free Essays

In addition to merely providing the best quality or most efficient application for users of computer systems, designers at corporations such as Microsoft and programmers within such systems Java as are striving to enhance the capabilities of their application systems with the aim of making even innovative features in these systems user-friendly to even the most techno-phobic users of new scientific systems and applications. â€Å"One of the standard bugbears is the persistent belief†¦ that difficulty is a virtue in itself, even a sign of intelligence. (Girvan, 2002) Grasping this concept is a critical aspect of computing as modern technology becomes increasingly integrated into daily business life. We will write a custom essay sample on Requirements for Scientific Application for Programmers or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"Users may need guidance as they work with unfamiliar software,† thus the use of easy to read menus and clear instruction manuals in the point and click ‘help’ applications are simply the first step in creating less intimidating face for modern technology. (Girvan, 2002) Windows pioneered the development of the palettes and pull-down menus used for quick access to common symbols and operations. But cosmetic friendliness is one aspect, however, of making users feel comfortable with new applications. (Girvan, 2005) Automation of as many systems as possible within an application makes it easier for users to concentrate on aspects of the application that cannot be rendered without the use of supervision. The ability for a calculator application to run without supervision under the control of the batch management system can be configured so that it deploys a command line option for taking input from a file or assumes a default response. This feature can be found in computer applications designed with offline operations in mind, including Visual Basicc script (VBScript), JavaScript, Perl, all of which can be used on a Windows-based cluster. (High Performance Computing FAQ, 2005) â€Å"Functional friendliness† as a concept is also important when making scientific applications less intimidating to potential users. In other words, providing explanatory prompts for users when certain systems are deployed, such as available ‘drag and drop’ controls and the display or visual prompting of likely intermediate steps in the application. Hypertext help browsers eliminate the need of a large, hidden command set to remember, such as one early Internet program â€Å"that required, to make a dialup connection, typing the modem command string, from memory, in hexadecimal. † (Girvan, 2002) Even if this example seems like an extreme example of a dinosaur code from the age of dial-up, only recently has the widespread graphical user interface of application software, with â€Å"sliders, menus, radio buttons, and check boxes,† become the norm. (Girvan, 2002) For example, â€Å"Waterloo Maple’s Java-based Maplets† deploys visual description of the device scripting to control the user’s interaction with the interface’s worksheet during a programming session. In other prompted systems, â€Å"the Insert Component menu drops a graphical device into the worksheet, where it automatically passes input (for instance, a slider position) to a variable. Pop-up dialogue boxes allow fine-tuning of the layout and the underlying VBScript†¦ GUIs [Graphic User Interfaces] are also easily designed using GUIDE, a GUI layout editor that generates both a . FIG file of the contents and the basic M-code to handle the calling procedure,† in many systems Similarly, programming menus can access the code for the programmer, allowing for more detailed configurations. (Girvan, 2002) Even more experienced programmers, whether concerned with designing new systems, using existing systems, or individuals concerned with on and offline data storage and manipulation can appreciate some of the other updates newly available for scientific applications. Other useful recent enhancements to linear programming-such as NSolve numerical solution, and simplification, the use of memorable planetary and musical symbols, Asian language support for individuals most comfortable in expressing themselves in these languages, XHTML export and two new scientific data formats, SDTS (the ANSI Spatial Data Transfer Standard for geographical and satellite data) and FITS (the NASA-endorsed Flexible Image Transport System for storing astronomical metadata-all complete the increasingly diverse array of applications that add ease and save time for individuals of all levels of using and programming ability. Girvan, 2002) How to cite Requirements for Scientific Application for Programmers, Essay examples

Music Evolution free essay sample

The evolution that has taken place in the music industry over the last 15 years is quite staggering. The entrance of the internet onto the world stage has revolutionized the way music Is bought, marketed and shared. It Is not only the depth of the changes that are occurring, but also the increasing rate at which these changes are taking place. New technologies and processes are becoming outdated almost as soon as they are adopted. Love it or hate it, the World Wide Web is here to stay, and it has irrevocably changed the business of music.The internet has changed how music is purchased. Long gone are the stand alone record stores that teenagers would flock to Just to see what new music was released and check out the amazing cover art. Stores have had to entirely rethink their sales strategies and embrace a vision that is larger than just the sale of music. We will write a custom essay sample on Music Evolution or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The MPH has made it possible to purchase music from the comfort of your own armchair or bed. The possibility of CDC becoming completely obsolete in the not too distant future is not that farfetched at all.Gone are the days of buying an album containing 3 or 4 songs that you like, with the rest that you have to tolerate or entirely ignore. Now, you buy only the songs that you know you want. This has resulted In decreased revenue for record companies and artists because the guarantee of the sale of a complete album no longer applies. A greater emphasis is therefore now placed on the release and marketing of singles in an attempt to boost profits. Times have also changed in how we share music.In the asss we made copies of cassette tapes or had to sit by the radio waiting for a favorite song to come on and hit record on out cassette player. Now one of the biggest challenges facing the music industry Is the Issue of music plural_ The available technology makes music theft incredibly easy, and incredibly cheap. The impact on music business revenues in recent years in incalculable. Pirates around the world are now stealing music as easily as customers are buying theirs, from the comfort of their own homes.CD-R, Peer to Peer and torrent technologies have made music piracy an issue that gives artists and record labels alike a great deal of concern. The Internet has become a very positive place for the artist themselves. Along with the Internet, came the artists ability to market and promote themselves with unprecedented efficiency. Loading an MPH file onto a social networking site like Backbone is significantly easier than the time, money and effort required organizing a gig to achieve that same goal.Not only that; instead of playing their song to 50 people in an obscure club somewhere, that song is now immediately available to millions of potential fans around the world at the click of a mouse. It Is therefore not unheard of anymore to find bands that are bringing In significant Income and galling substantial popularity, without a record deal having ever been signed. There is also a greater degree of interaction between the artists and their fans, which further moments the connections between them which influence sales.As you can see the music industry has had many elaborate changes over the last 25 years or so. The Internet has completely changed the way people look at music, how artist make music and how the record Industry profits.